Particles

Use kara for casual conversations and node for polite conversations. Kara is more versatile, while node is often used in set phrases. Choose based on the formality of the situation.

Use まで for 'until' and までに for 'by' a certain time or deadline. This distinction is crucial for clear communication.

に marks where something EXISTS or where you're GOING. で marks where an ACTION takes place or the MEANS by which something is done.

Use に for a specific destination or purpose, and へ for movement or direction towards a place. The key is the nuance of intention vs movement.

Use と for exhaustive lists and や for non-exhaustive lists. The key difference lies in the completeness of the list. Choose the correct particle based on the context.

は marks the topic (what you're talking about), while が identifies or emphasizes the subject. Use は for known information and が for new information or emphasis.

Use 'wa' to mark the topic of a sentence. Use 'mo' to indicate inclusion or addition.

Use を to mark the direct object of a sentence, and が to mark the subject. が is often used with potential verbs to indicate ability. The choice between を and が depends on the sentence's focus.